Meaning and Definition of Trade Union
A Trade Union is an organized association of workers formed to protect and promote their common interests. The statutory definition is given under Section 2(h) of the Trade Unions Act, 1926, which defines a trade union as any combination, whether temporary or permanent, formed primarily for the purpose of regulating relations between workmen and employers, or between workmen and workmen, or between employers and employers. The definition also includes federations of trade unions. The primary objective behind recognizing trade unions in law is to provide workers with collective strength to bargain effectively and safeguard their economic, social, and industrial interests in a structured and lawful manner.
Essential Elements of Trade Union
The definition under Section 2(h) highlights certain essential elements of a trade union. Firstly, there must be a combination of persons, which may be permanent or temporary in nature. Secondly, the purpose of such combination must be to regulate industrial relations. Thirdly, the members may include workmen, employers, or both. Trade unions are not formed for profit-making activities but for collective welfare. The law recognizes trade unions as instruments of collective bargaining, industrial democracy, and worker participation. Once registered under the Trade Unions Act, 1926, they acquire legal status and certain immunities, enabling them to function effectively without fear of civil or criminal liability.
Legal Importance of Trade Union
Trade unions play a vital role in maintaining industrial harmony and protecting labour rights. They act as a bridge between workers and management, helping in negotiations related to wages, working conditions, and service benefits. Trade unions also represent workers in industrial disputes before labour authorities and courts. The Trade Unions Act, 1926 provides statutory recognition, rights, and liabilities to trade unions, thereby strengthening collective bargaining mechanisms. Courts have consistently recognized the importance of trade unions in achieving social justice and promoting fair labour practices. Thus, trade unions are an essential component of a democratic industrial system.
Real-Time Practical Example
Workers employed in a textile mill face unsafe working conditions and low wages. To collectively raise their concerns, they form an association named “Textile Workers Union” and get it registered under the Trade Unions Act, 1926. The union negotiates with management for better safety measures and wage revision. Through collective bargaining, the demands are accepted. This example shows how a trade union functions as a lawful body to protect workers’ interests and regulate employer–employee relations effectively.
Mnemonic to Remember Definition of Trade Union
Mnemonic: “C.R.U.E.”
C – Combination of persons
R – Regulates relations
U – Under Trade Unions Act
E – Employers or Employees
This mnemonic helps remember the statutory definition and essential components of a trade union in exams.
About lawgnan
The Definition of Trade Union is a foundational topic in OU LLB Labour Law-I and frequently appears in short-note and definition questions. To master such concepts with statutory clarity, simplified explanations, real-life examples, mnemonics, and exam-oriented answers, visit lawgana.in. LawGana is designed especially for Indian law students preparing for university examinations. Whether you are revising core definitions or studying trade union law in depth, LawGana helps you learn faster and write better answers. Follow lawgana.in and upgrade your labour law preparation today.
