Electronic messages refer to any form of communication sent, received, or stored electronically. These messages use digital means to convey information between individuals, systems, or organizations and can take various forms like emails, SMS, instant messages (IM), chat messages, or notifications through apps.
Types of Electronic Messages
- Email (Electronic Mail): Messages sent over the internet using platforms like Gmail, Outlook, etc.
- SMS (Short Message Service): Text messages sent over mobile networks.
- Instant Messaging (IM): Real-time messaging via apps like WhatsApp, Telegram, Signal, or Messenger.
- Push Notifications: Alerts or updates sent by apps to a user’s device.
- Chatbots/AI Replies: Automated responses generated by AI systems through websites or customer service platforms.
Legal Recognition under IT Act, 2000
Under the Information Technology Act, 2000, electronic messages are legally recognized forms of communication. They are considered valid records and evidence in legal proceedings, especially when authenticated.
Key Sections:
- Section 4: Legal recognition of electronic records
- Section 5: Legal recognition of digital signatures in electronic messages
- Section 65B of the Indian Evidence Act (related to admissibility of electronic records)
Importance of Electronic Messages
- Fast Communication: Instantly connects people across the world.
- Cost-Effective: Cheaper than physical mail or in-person communication.
- Record Keeping: Easy to store, search, and retrieve for future reference.
- Automated Communication: Widely used in customer service, billing, marketing, etc.
- Legal and Official Use: Contracts, invoices, and notices are often shared via email.
Risks and Challenges
- Spam and Phishing: Fake messages that trick users into giving personal information.
- Data Breaches: Unsecured messages may be intercepted.
- Privacy Concerns: Messages can be tracked, monitored, or shared without consent.
- Legal Disputes: Authenticity and origin may be challenged if not properly signed or timestamped.
Best Practices
- Use encryption to protect sensitive messages.
- Enable 2-factor authentication on messaging platforms.
- Avoid clicking on links from unknown sources.
- Keep backups of important communications.
- Use digital signatures for authenticating legal or business messages.
